The five U.S. regions—Northeast, Southeast, Midwest, Southwest, and West—have unique climates and soils shaping plant growth. The Northeast’s cold winters favor hardy perennials and cool-season crops. The Southeast’s warm, humid climate supports tropical plants and long growing seasons. The Midwest’s fertile soils suit vegetables and grains, while the Southwest’s arid conditions need drought-tolerant plants. The West’s diverse climates, from coasts to deserts, allow many plant varieties.